Child Beauty Pageants Robbing Little Girls’ Innocence Essay

Child Beauty Pageants: Robbing Little Girls’ Innocence There are over 5,000 child beauty pageants held annually across the United States with girls as young as two-years-old competing in them. Little girls strut across the stage with make-up painted on their tanned faces, hair teased into big and luscious curls, fake teeth, and a raunchy dance to complement it. There’s no doubt that the very young girls do not resemble their age when they are on stage and performing; they’re transformed into â€Å"sultry, Lolita-like waifs† (Giroux 270). Millions tune in and watch shows exploiting the children such as â€Å"Toddlers and Tiaras† and â€Å"Little Miss Perfect† where we see the little girls strive to be the best and prettiest. Parents should not enter†¦show more content†¦The little girls are raised with the misconception that they can rely on their beauty to help them achieve success in life, and that â€Å"the ‘art’ of being a woman is embodied in how she looks† (Paperalla, paragraph 5). With the obsession to look perfect and beautiful, the girls wear make-up, hair extensions, fake nails, and fake teeth, some girls grew up â€Å"see[ing] themselves as not good enough without improvements† (Child Beauty Pageants, paragraph 22). A study conducted in 2005 examined a small, controlled group of young women who participated in pageants at a very young age to all have reported â€Å"greater dissatisfaction with their self-image, decreased impulse controls, increased instances of eating disorders and overall trust issues† (Dela Cruz, paragraph 10). This is evidence that child beauty pageants do not promote confidence in one’s self when they’re being judged on how perfect their appearance are. Child beauty pageants have been rightly criticized to be â€Å"grotesque and nearly pornographic† (Child Beauty Pageants, paragraph 18). While little girls their age usually don’t make-up, hair extensions, or fake teeth, the mini beauty queens are and it causes them to appear much more mature and older than their age; this encourages premature sexuality. The little girls wear provocative clothing, perform raunchy dance routines, and make flirty moves towards the judges and crowd such as seductively blowing air kisses. Six-year-oldShow MoreRelatedThe Ugly Truth Behind Child Beauty Pageants. Why Is That1310 Words   |  6 Pages The Ugly Truth Behind Child Beauty Pageants Why is that we are told everyone is beautiful in their own way yet society pressures us woman to be prettier than the next. Women are taught as little girls that being beautiful is important but there is more to life than being beautiful. I believe parents should not let their daughters compete in beauty pageants because it sexualizes young girls, affects child development and discourages self worth. Is exploiting your child really worth some cash, aRead MoreBeauty Pageants Can Take An Emotional Toll On Children And Teenagers1811 Words   |  8 PagesIn the world of beauty pageants, many people find themselves entrapped in the expensiveness of the gown, the extravagance of the hairstyle, and how attractive the woman sporting all of this truly is. However, when entered into this arena at a young age, one where you are not fully developed and deep in adolescence, this presents a problem not all are aware of. Many people don’t understand the emotional stress that almost everyon e that participates in pageants goes through. Women face various issuesRead MoreBeauty Pageants Can Take An Emotional Toll On Children And Teenagers1811 Words   |  8 PagesIn the world of beauty pageants many people find themselves entrapped in the expensiveness of the gown, the extravagance of the hairstyle, and how attractive the woman sporting all of this truly is. However, when entered into this arena at a young age, one where you are not fully developed and deep in adolescence, this presents a problem not all are aware of. Many people don’t understand the emotional stress that almost everyone that participates in pageants goes through. Women face various issues

The Education System Of Education - 914 Words

Many Americans believe that even though the U.S. education system is meant to be integrated, but there are still examples of racism and the imbalance of educational opportunities among the different classes of people. In an article published by the U.S. News and World Report, it was stated that â€Å"lower wealth, lower health, lower parental education levels, more dealings with the justice system and other circumstances create a perfect storm that leaves blacks [and other minorities] without the same educational opportunities as whites [and individuals with a steady income]†(Cook 4). These disparities begin to influence a child as soon as they are able to have the capacity to learn. Although there are only pieces of Aristotle’s works on education, he develops a clear point on the importance of education and how it is the path to happiness. Like his predecessor Plato, Aristotle believes that the early education period of a child should be the responsibility of the parent. The U.S. News and World Report investigated into the childhood lives of children of low income families and found that there is a different starting line for these children virus children of wealth. The obligation of the parents is to provide a steady income to keep the family afloat, comes before the obligation to teach children to learn. These lower income families will have less access to the essential materials that help household learning thrive, such as books, games and even computers. According to aShow MoreRelatedEducation And The Education System864 Words   |  4 Pagesintegration with the world on all aspects about education so the education system in my country also has many programs to help students easier gain access to the education of the world including the US. We know that English very important for students when they want to study i n US so my education system has built an environment convenient for students such as English center, website, a program teach about English for students when they are at school, and STEAM system for students to study. First of all, inRead MoreThe Education System Of Education Essay1383 Words   |  6 Pages Education is one of the most important values in the progress of our society. It provides knowledge and enriches everything that characterizes us as human beings. Countries around the world like China and United States differs in the way of their educations system works. Although they beak some superficial similarities, the high school education of students of these countries have pronounced differences because of their economic situation, cultural values and family expectation. The economyRead MoreThe Education System Of Education1728 Words   |  7 Pagesdays of preschool, â€Å"We the People† have all passed through the education system. Now that I have moved to a higher institution of learning I reflect on the lessons taught by our school system. It seemed to me that the lessons were not to challenging. In middle school, the teachers showed great care for the students. By the time I was in high school, it seemed that the biggest goal of the teachers had shifted from giving a proper education, to rushing students through the next few years to push themRead MoreThe Education System Of Education1707 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the history of civilization, education has been an important tool in shaping an individual as well as the society that the individual is a part of. In the older civilizations, only the elite upper class had access to education. This kept these people at the top of the social ladder, and suppressed the common people w ho did not have access to the same education as the nobles. We have come a long way since then, with every child having access to a free high school degree. However, thereRead MoreThe Education System Of Education Essay1139 Words   |  5 PagesI’m going to talk about today’s education system. Since the education being taught in the schools is for the generations to come. People need education to have a stable life in this country, to get a good job, and to support themselves financially. Therefore, are need to improve education overall. First, the students being taught in the classes are based on technology. We already know how technology is carrying how students perform in education. But in education today kids and students are surroundedRead MoreThe Education System Of Education1733 Words   |  7 Pagesdistance covered to go to school, sometimes discourage the students. The female children also would be denied education, because they would be sent off to marry or stay at home and work on farms or house chore. Most fathers considered it a waste to train a female as she will soon be a married off and the fathers name lost. Unlike in the urban areas where schools are properly supervised by education boards, to ensure quality and standard is maintained. Some schools only have not more than 20 students inRead MoreCreating An Education System For Education Systems2167 Words   |  9 PagesCreating an education system that is capable of preparing students for the future, education systems need to be configured into a new, more knowledge centered way of learning. Deconstructing established structures and routines in education systems involves several planning and practices coming together in learning and teaching to better reflect the demands of the 21st century world. Personalised learning advocates that educational systems must change from the traditional or industrial age of thinkingRead MoreThe American Education System Education1438 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Education System Education plays important role in society. It determines the final development of an adult’s personality. In today’s society most jobs require a University degree. To receive a University degree students need to rely on a good education system. Does America provide this? The American education system has relied on the grade point average system for a long time. The problem with this is there is not a universal GPA grade point system varying from course to course. This createsRead MoreThe Education System And Public Education945 Words   |  4 Pagespeople must take upon themselves the education of the whole people and be willing to bear the expenses of it. There should not be a district of one mile square, without a school in it, not founded by a charitable individual, but maintained at the public expense of the people themselves’† (Strauss). Our founding fathers wanted our nation to be an educated nation. There were many who believed that only a chosen sh ould be educated, but there were those who saw education to be more pervasive. During theRead MoreThe Education System And The Lack Of Education982 Words   |  4 PagesWhile reading the research paper, one thing which is clear about the author is that he is someone who understands the need of education for every individual. He understands the importance of education and how it can change someone’s life completely. Throughout the paper, author tries to force the reader to understand the education system and the lacking in it. The author has used many references and is telling people to work hard as it is the key to success, in order to make our country flourish

Intelligence And Iq Testing Essay Example For Students

Intelligence And Iq Testing Essay Can intelligence be measured? Does an IQ test actually measure a person’s intelligence? Does a high score indicate a genius? Does a low score indicate stupidity or merely ignorance? These questions have been asked over and over again by psychiatrists and scientists alike, but to date there are no clear answers. These questions cannot be answered without first defining what is meant by the term intelligence. Once intelligence has been defined then it should be easy to answer these questions; however, multiple definitions of the word tend to lead to further confusion. In a 1921 symposium entitled â€Å"Intelligence and Its Measurement†, psychiatrists were asked to define intelligence and their answers varied greatly. One described intelligence as â€Å"equivalent to the capacity to learn.† Other definitions included â€Å"the ability to adapt adequately to relatively new situations†, â€Å"the capacity to learn or profit from experience†, and â€Å"the knowledge that an individual possesses.† And one stated that there was no simple definition to the word because â€Å"intelligence involves two factors- the capacity for knowledge and knowledge possessed† (Sternberg Detterman, 1986, p.39-40). We will write a custom essay on Intelligence And Iq Testing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Dictionaries add still more definitions: Funk Wagnall’s defines intelligence as â€Å"The faculty of perceiving and comprehending meaning; mental quickness; active intellect; understanding† , while Webster’s defines it as â€Å"the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations; the skilled use of reason.† While some of these definitions are similar, none of them are exactly the same. The definition of intelligence becomes even more complicated when one considers the work of Howard Gardner. Gardner claims that intelligence can not be defined with one definition because intelligence is not one thing. Gardner purports that there are eight different categories of intelligence: musical, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist. He is currently considering adding a ninth category of intelligence: existential (Carvin). Gardner believes that all people excel in at least one category of intelligence. However, he cautions teachers using the multiple intelligence approach in the classroom: â€Å"Do not label kids as ‘spatial, but not linguistic’ or, for that matter, ‘linguistic, but not spatial.’ The intelligences are categories that help us discover difference in forms of mental representation† (Durie). If intelligence is what a person knows or understands then it is possible to measure intelligence; however, if intelligence is one’s capacity for learning then it is more difficult to measure. If you have a bowl and want to know how much water it will hold then you simply fill the bowl with water, then pour the water into a measuring device, and then you know: That bowl holds two cups, 1/2 a liter, or 25 grams of water. There are many reasons why it is not possible to measure capacity for learning in the same manner: One cannot fill the brain with knowledge, pour the knowledge back out, and measure it. First, there is no way to indicate that the brain is full, no way possible to retrieve all of the information, and no measuring device for knowledge: You cannot have 2 cups, 170 grams, or three feet of knowledge (Block Dworkin, 1976, p.239)Assuming that intelligence is what a person knows makes it possible to measure intelligence, but finding an accurate measuring device is dif ficult. The measurement of intelligence began with the work of Francis Galton who attempted to apply Darwin’s theory of biological evolution to the evolution of human society (Lawler, 1978, p.39-40). Although the tests have changed considerably since then, the type of measurement has remained essentially the same. An IQ test measures intelligence by finding a person’s mental age, dividing it by his or her chronological age, and then multiplying that number x100 (Block Dworkin, 1976, p.6); however, there is no standard test or testing method. There are roughly over one hundred different tests with the most common of these being the Stanford-Binet test (Lawler, 1978, p.29) The test is administered either through group or individual testing. .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 , .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .postImageUrl , .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 , .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7:hover , .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7:visited , .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7:active { border:0!important; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7:active , .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7 .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7e699619ea98354ecef07f88bb7e95c7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Relationshio between God and Humanity EssayIn group testing literacy is required and each person simply takes a timed written test. In individual testing literacy is not required: Each individual meets privately with a test proctor and takes a mostly oral examination. For example, a child of three would be asked to string beads, identify individual pictures by name not use, build a bridge with blocks, identify a specific article from a picture shown earlier, draw a circle, and draw a vertical line. Test questions become gradually more difficult with age (Lawler, 1978, p. 29-33). While most of those in the psychological field agree that scores from individual tests are more accurate than scores derived from group testing, many still argue the validity of the test (Block Dworkin, 1976, p.350). One psychiatrists has said, â€Å"the tests are accurate at defining mental age in comparison†, but went on to add that, â€Å"mental age and intelligence are not necessarily interchangeable terms† (Sternberg Detterman, 1986, p.41). The number of different tests creates a problem with scoring a valid IQ. In a 1973 study, students were given three different IQ tests on the same day. The students were not given the same exams in the same order. For example student 1 would take test A, then test B, and end with test C; while student 2 would take test B, then test C, and end with test A. The results of the tests showed staggering differences of up to 40 points in IQ. There was no one test that all students scored consistently high on, nor was there a test that all of the students scored consistently low on. The order of the tests also had no effect on the scores (Lawler, 1978, p. 40-43). Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences defies testing. Current IQ tests measure less than half of Gardner’s catergories and then the results are combined into a single IQ score. Many of his catergories can not be tested with a standardized test. For instance, Gardner defines his newest catergory of intelligence ( t he naturalist) as including a child that knows about dinosaurs, a child that knows different types of vegetation, or a child that knows about trees. There is no single test that can measure knowledge in each exclusive area of the naturalist (Carvin). Many also argue that the test is biased in the way that answers are scored. For example, one question used in the test for twelve year-olds asks the children to pretend that they have been sent to the store to buy a loaf a bread, but when they arrive the store is out of bread. The children are then asked what they would do with points only being scored for the answer of going to another store; however, for children living in large urban ghetto areas the most popular answer has traditionally been to go home. Researchers argue that, considering the environment that these children live in, going home would be a much more intelligent decision than attempting to go to another store (Lawler, 1978, p.34). Can intelligence be measured? Does an IQ test actually measure a person’s intelligence? The answers all depend on who you ask. Education

International Business Machines Corporation

Introduction The International Business Machines Corporation is among the largest U.S. technology and consulting corporations. It provides software and hardware and consults other companies with recommendations on improving technological design. The company has a well-developed corporate responsibility philosophy that is confined to several aspects.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on International Business Machines Corporation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To begin with, IMB managers define new options and apply those to a number of societal problems. The company also assesses programs to gain the maximum results. It also pays attention to enhancing employees’ motivation, as well as provides new approaches and techniques to improving their communities. Finally, integrating corporate citizenship and responsibility is another integral part of the company’s philosophy because it allows the com pany’s managers to develop a comprehensive method to correspond to the values of global enterprise. Cultural diversity and generational differences are also included into such values. The main purpose of this paper is to define the main demographic characteristics of the company through analysis of reports and related documents. It is also necessary to define the ratio of types of generations, including Traditionalists, Boomers, Generation X, and Millennials. In addition, the paper seeks to highlight the programs and strategies that the company has implemented to manage the challenge of generational differences and introduce alternatives to make diversity an advantage for the company. Main Discussion Historic Background The company’s diversity history dates back at the end of nineteenth century when the Computing Scale Company, one of the company that later became the part of the IBM, hired Richard McGregor, an African American, along with Nettie Moore, Emma Manske, an d Lilly Philip. All these employees had been hired long before Lincoln introduced the Emancipation Proclamations, as well as women’s right to vote. In the course of the history, IBM has gradually been introducing the diversity policy – beginning with the creation of the training center for people with physical and mental impairments and ending with the company’s attention to the right equality of sexual minorities.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, cultural acceptance, tolerance, equal opportunities, and diversity are standing at the core of the company’s creation. This company’s explicit commitment provides it with a wider picture of the opportunities it can take advantage of at the global arena. IBM’s employment policies were not confined to meeting the diversity needs of employees. Rather, the company never gave up in troducing new training programs for their workers to acquire new skills and enrich their experience. In 1932-33, Watson decided to augment the company’s inventory and expand the manufacturing capacity instead of hiring new personnel and dismissing the old one. By raising wages and introducing the retraining programs, the employees were highly motivated to increase their performance of the organization. Consideration of social and a pension scheme was also on the agenda and by 1945, the company formed a pension system despite deep economic crisis in the country. Therefore, the program introduced in 1930s â€Å"†¦reflected IBM’s commitment to retrain, rather than lay off, workers, and to promote from within the company’s own ranks† (Stebenne, 2005, p. 56). The no-layoff policy for the employees has now been followed over fifty years. Such a system is also called welfare capitalism which involves creation of exclusive benefits systems embodying and meet ing employees’ needs, problems, and concerns. More importantly, the employment policy has given foundation for considering generational differences and facing the challenging of globalization. Diversity, therefore, is the core task that IBM examines to improve organizational structure and performance. It also contributes greatly to a competitive advantage of a firm. Further development of diversity policies lead to the emergence of Equal Opportunity legislation, or Diversity 1.0 that was followed by Diversity 2.0 in 90s of the past century.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on International Business Machines Corporation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The final program – Diversity 3.0, was introduced take advantage of generational differences and build effective teams to achieve the best results and meet customers’ needs (IBM, 2010). Perceiving differences as an advantage has been the f irst step toward building a successful corporation, as well as predicting the outcomes of the globalization process. Presenting Information on Company’s Attitude to Generational Differences Technological advances constitute the major task of IBM managers. In order to introduce innovation, the company should also pay attention to the aspect of generation difference to motivate, retrain, and improve productivity of the employees. In fact, the company acknowledges that younger generations are technologically savvy in comparison to much more experienced employees working in the companies much longer. Nevertheless, IBM industry innovator Andy McAfee in the interview states, â€Å"I’ve seen plenty of existing managers and executives and older knowledge workers jump on board very easily, but it is also true that people entering the workforce now – the Millennials – are just inherently more comfortable with †¦the tools†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (McAfee, 2011, p. 3). At the same time, the McAfee motivates Generation Y to induce new ideas, options, and opportunities, and contribute to the development of new software and hardware products. In addition, the managers realize the urgent need to face changes. Structural and managerial changes are possible through introducing new collaboration and knowledge models.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Detailed examination of generational differences provides a clear picture on the challenges and strategies that IBM adopts to solve problems. In this respect, the company has conducted research on the Generation Y presented in China marketing sector. Just like American employees encounter change, the Chinese sector should also be concerned with the facing the corresponding shifts (N-Dynamic Market Research, n. d.). Change management, therefore, comes to the forth of the company’s strategic mission and philosophy. The first stage of acknowledging changes is defining the characteristics of this generation. According to the research, this age category, born between 1980 and 1989, feels extremely comfortably utilizing high technology for global connections, social networking, and entertainment (N-Dynamic Market Research, n. d.). They also adjusted to immediate advantages that the technological world introduced to them (N-Dynamic Market Research, n. d.). Because the Generation Y, or Millennials grew up with the development of the Internet and computer, their attitudes to work considerably differ from those of older generations. According to the report, â€Å"Gen Y’s are generally resourceful, creative, flexible, quick, efficient, technologically savvy, and more problem solving and communication oriented than generations before† (N-Dynamic Market Research, n. d., p. 2). Further step of handling the new generation is to acknowledge the fact that Gen Y is a different generation with new features, but not an anomaly. What is more important is that this target audience indicates future trends of next generations’ formation. Therefore, addressing their weaknesses and strengths is crucial for facilitating information exchange and communication. Examining objectives, attitudes, and motivations of Gen Y is vital for enhancing organizational performance of the employees and creating a favorable workforce environment. Increased awareness of connect ion to company’s goals is the main concern of IBM managers should be confident in their employees’ objectives and motivations. Analysis of characteristics, particularly, negative feature, is vital. The research introduced a number of shortcomings of the Generation Y that need to be addressed. Specific emphasis has been made on their immediate change of tastes and making choices, particularly at the expense of personal contributions, extreme demand of constant feedback and collaboration. In addition, the representatives of Gen Y are not accustomed enough to single-mindedness, loyal diligence, and persistence. Finally, Millennials cannot accept criticism easily and are focused on increasing their monetary earnings. Consideration of these characteristics has highlighted a tangible gap between young and old generations, which has created significant challenges for successful work of IBM. However, the company takes this problem seriously and strives to adjust to the emergin g changes by activating the work of human resources and research and development departments. Analysis of the Proposed Programs to Manage Generational Differences Technological innovation requires greater commitment to cultural diversity. Investing into the development of IBM employees is important because it can ensure progressive improvement and approaches to managing new realities and globalized community. The program introduced by the company involves policies oriented on health and wellness, learning and development, and diversity. In the course of the history, IBM has acknowledged the significance of facilitating health reforms, as well as encouraging precaution measures among IBM employees. In particular, the company â€Å"takes an aggressive and comprehensive approach to investing in employee health and wellness, promotes workplace safety, and encourages a healthy integration of life and work† (Corporate Responsibility Report, 2009, n. p.). Within the concept of learn ing and development, over 400.000 employees are quite difficult to manage as far as skills analysis is concerned. In order to face the problem, the company seeks to deepen their relations with employees to enhance their education, development and skills with regard to the generational differences. Focus on human resources as the most powerful instrument of successful integration into the global environment is among the effective strategies implemented in the IBM. The company realizes the challenges of generational differences and, therefore, learning and development initiative fits best to meet the requirements. Finally, diversity consideration is the closest to the employment of policy of handling generational differences. Within this contexts, the company seeks â€Å"†¦to find ways to not only embrace that diversity, but use it to the benefit of the business; to better understand markets and unleash innovative creativity† (Corporate Responsibility Report, 2009, n. p.). Such a strategy allows the company for accomplishment of their goals. More importantly, it meets the objective to focus on customer behavior and satisfaction. The program oriented on handling diversity consists of six steps that have introduced considerable results. The first step involves increasing diversity competence to facilitate cultural adaptability. This measure is confined to introducing various beneficial resources and programs, including podcast and webcasts, a Cultural Adaptability Council, and Integrated Diversity and Cultural Awareness training modules (Corporate Responsibility Report, 2009). The second approach engages local thinking into global network. Enacting geographic and business units is aimed at tailoring programs in accordance with unique needs of employees. The third approach consists in extending from constituency to the company’s community. The concept of diversity should spread beyond the traditionally identified groups in order to facilitate inf ormation sharing across the company. The effort leads to creation of new communities, including Work/Life Zone Teams, Parent Company, and Global Women in Technology (Corporate Responsibility Report, 2009). Integrating programs for gaining the maximum benefit via diversity initiatives in human resources processes is another strategy that allows for effective presentation of programs. Further development of partnership between employees and their managers responds successfully to the needs of the globalized community with generational differences. Finally, employees themselves should actively be involved in defining the main constraints of cultural diversity and generational differences in the twenty-first century. The IBM company counts almost five generations of employees working with them, including silent generation, baby boomers, generation X, and generation Z, which is born in 1990s. The differences among these generations create much more challenges than geographical and cultur al differences. However, reduction of baby boomers and silent generation can lead to a tangible knowledge grain, as well as changes to the workforce. According to the research conducted by IBM Global Technology Services (2011), the largest segment of workers is composed of Millennials. In particular, almost 50 % of employees constitute Generation Y. Disparities in preferences and learning styles are highlighted among various generations and, therefore, learning leaders should not ignore age changes so as to adapt to their capabilities and needs (IBM Global Technology Services, 2011). Both older generations and younger workforce should be taken into consideration to promote collaborative problem-solving, effective social networking, and participatory techniques in achieving organizational goals. On the one hand, the company seeks to approach the generational challenges individual. On the other hand, the firm explores general strategies to meet the needs of various generations. In thi s respect, they define that â€Å"†¦millennials lean decidedly toward the smarter, technology-driven methods of learning: collaborative problem-solving; social network; organic, user-driven, participatory, anytime/anyplace informal experiences†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (IBM Global Technology Services, 2011, p. 3). Therefore, because technological devices constitute the central interest of the generation, it is possible to apply it in online role games to encourage employees to develop their collaborative, competitive, and goal-oriented skills in the workplace. Apart from technological devices, learning modules should also strike the balance between the virtual space exercises and real environment. In other words, virtual space in combination with a traditional learning environment can reach the company’s objectives and provide a powerful foundation for facing external competition. In 2008, the company’s Academy of Technology world summit introduced a practical testing to def ine how new skills in virtual interaction can contribute a favorable learning environment (IBM Global Technology Services, 2011). The experiment involved virtual space sought to encourage the participant to apply interactive and creative techniques and take advantage of the option provided by online space. Since then, numerous meetings have been conducted via online channels. All the meetings were conducted individually to trace possible improvements, challenges, and problems. Further advances in managing generational differences were connected with the analysis of the way technical leaders handle diverse team. By using three-dimensional collaborative tools, they invited participants to brainstorming sessions, which resulted in successful analysis of skills, as well as problems that need to be addressed. Interactive capabilities are further applied within the company to meet the global challenges and foster global cooperation. Shifts from individual learning to collaborative learnin g assist in delivering a more socially connected community and creates highest business results. The chief executive officers of IBM strive to make learning organization smarter as well as develop a technology supported and people-led system of control. Conclusion Long history of IBM development reflects a complicated path toward advancement of employment policies. Specifically, the company’s focus has always been made on enhancing employees’ value, respecting cultural diversity, and managing generational differences. The latter is of especially importance for the company’s executives because it provides significant challenges for the organization to adjust to the global competition and create a favorable image of the international corporation. In particular, IBM is extremely concerned with recent changes, problems, and advances related to managing generational differences effectively. Special attention is given to Generation Y, or Millennials that cover the gre atest segment of the company’s employees. Despite that fact, the company takes efforts to present equal opportunities to other generations working with the organization. In response to the challenges, the company launches a series of programs and learning modules that would engage all generations into the working process. The legislatures initiated at the beginning of the twentieth century resulted in further development of strategies aimed at enhancing cooperative capacities of the personnel and engage older generations into managing technological innovations. Apart from considering Millennials, the company also pays closer attention to Generation Z who are born in the 90s of the past century. The importance of managing this generation and solving problems is enormous because can provide future perspective for developing sophisticated approaches for managing future generations. Overall, the company has managed to face the challenges of generational differences and create the approach to building management strategies. References Corporate Responsibility Report (2009). Investing in the IBMer. Web. Corporate Responsibility Report (2010). Employee Diversity. IBM. Web. IBM (2010). Diversity 3.0. Web. IBM (n. d.). Responsibilities at IBM. Web. IBM Global Technology Services (2011). Innovative Learning Strategies for the Smarter Enterprise: Addressing Generational, Globalization, and Cost and Speed Challenges. pp. 1-10. Web. McAfeee, A. (2011). Conversations with Industry Innovators. IBM Video Transcript. Web. N-Dynamic Market Research. (n. d.). Collaborating with Gen-Y: Leveraging Generational Insight to Build the Best Workplace for Gen-Y in China. Research Institute. 1-42. Web. Stebenne, D. L. (2005). IBM’sâ€Å"New Deal†: Employment Policies of the International Business Machines Corporation, 1933–1956. Journal Of The Historical Society, 5(1), 47-77. This research paper on International Business Machines Corporation was written and submitted by user Dalton Brooks to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.